Improvement in oil stoves or lamps



B. BLAGKlvLAN. Oil-Stove 01*l Lamp.'

Patent-ed May 2 1, 187.8.

LLL A ILIFETERS, FHOYD-UTHDGRPHER. WASHINGYDN. D C.

UNITED STATES' PATENT OEEIoE;

EBENEZER BLAOKMAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN OILSTOVES OR LAMPS.

Specilication forming part of Letters Patent'No. 203,994, dated May 2l, 1878; application filed December 24, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EBENEZEE BLACKMAN, of the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil vStoves or Lamps, of which the following is a specification:

- My invention relates in part to Letters Patent numbered 197,318, granted to me November 20, 1877. In the invention embraced in said Letters Patent I employed feeding mechanism comprising jaws adapted to embrace the wick, and pivoted ,together or to a common support, so that they may be opened to release, or closed to engage with, the wick, at pleasure.

In this part of my present invention I employ jaws, made partly or wholly of elastic material, adapted to be opened automatically by suitable devices to release them from the wick,

and adapted, when free from such devices, of

their own force to embrace the wick. vI combine with these jaws a rack and a pinion mounted on a shaft extending outside. the oil reservoir or fount, to provide for conveniently raising or lowering the wick.

In another part of my present invention I employ a tank or tanks in proximity to the sides or walls of an annular wick-tube, for containingwater for cooling said wick-tube and for producing jets of steam, which are conducted, through the aid of Ideflectors, to the point of combustion to increase the draft and enhance the veffectiveness of the stove or lamp. Y

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a central vertical section of an oil stove or lamp embodying my invention. Fig.'2 is a horizontal section thereof. Fig. 3 is aside view of a device for spreading or opening the aforesaid spring-jaws automatically; and Fig. 4 is a side-view of mechanism, VwhichI may employ in lieu of thatshown in Figs. 1 and 2, for elevating and lowering said'jaws.-`

Similar letters of reference designate correspondin g parts in all the figures.

The reservoir A of this stove or lamp may be of any suitable form, and is preferably supported by legs or a perforated base-piece, a, providing for the admission ofair under it to the inside of an 'annular wick-tube, B O, the part B of which extends upward from the bottom of said reservoir, and the part C of which preferably extends upward from the cap-piece D of said reservoir. E designates two springjaws extending from a stock-piece,` Gr, and made of semicircular strips of elasticmaterial, adapted to embrace the wick H below the cappiece D of the oil-reservoir, and preferably provided with teeth for engaging with the wick. The stock-piece G isl supportedv upon a rod, I, extending vertically upward within the oil-reservoir, and is free to slide up and down thereon. On the said stock-piece is atoothed rack, J, which engages with a pinion, K, on a shaft, L extending horizontally through the oil-reservoir, so that it may be operated by a hand piece or wheel, b, outside the same, and throughthis rack and pinion the ystock-piece and the said jaws may be raised or lowered at i pleasure.

M designates a rod or plate extending up vertically within the oil-reservoir, and against j the edges of which portions of the spring-jaws E which are adjacent to the stock-piece G impinge The upper portion of this rod or plate M is fiaring, or provided at itsv edges with diverginginclines c. Hence, as the springjaws move up within the reservoir A, closeto i'ts cap-pieceD,they are spread apart by means ,of these inclines c c, and, releasing their hold lof lthe Wick, permit it to be adjusted by hand independently of the said jaws, to `enable the latter to engage with different portions thereof, or beremoved and vreplaced by a new wick. If preferable, I may provide the stock-piece G vwith a nut or section of a nut, N, (see Fig. 4,) .internally screw-threaded and engaging with instance, of ashelltt-ingat the bottom against.

the said part of wick-tube, so that the latter shall form, one wall of the said receptacle or tank. In this receptacle or tank I intend `to introduce water, for the purpose of keeping cool the portion of the wick-tube which is in proximity to the oil-reservoir, and for the additional purpose of enabling such heat as may j he transmitted to said part of the wick-tube fromthe point of combustion to generate steam,

that may be directed to the point of combus stove or lamp. Preferably this deflector is made hollow, and is supported by a tube, j, communicating with the interior of the receptacle or tank I), for when thus made and supported it may serve as a funnel through which water may be conveniently supplied to the said receptacle or tank P. If the tube j were made in sections, or the detlector Q secured to it by means of a screw-thread, convenient provision for adjusting the detlector would be afforded.

R designates a tank, fitting around the exterior of the part C ofthe wick-tube, and consisting, in the present instance, of a band or rim united to the cap-piece D, so that the latter shall form the bottom of said water-tank, and the said part C of the wick-tube be the in ner wall of said tank. Water may be introduced into this tank R to keep the part C of the wick-tube and the adjacent portion of the cap-piece D cool, and obviate the transmission of heat therefrom to the contents of the reservoir A. L 4

Such heat as may be transmitted to the water in the tank It may serve to generate steam therefrom, which, by passing the outer side of the ame issuing from the wick-tube, may induce the draft of air thereto, and enhance the effectiveness of the combustion. S designates a deilector, of conoidal form, for directing the draft of air and such steam as may be generated from the receptacle R against the outside of the iiame issuing from the wick-tube. Itis represented as fitting upon the cap-piece D of the reservoir outside the rim or band forming the exterior of the water-tank R; and hence the said rim or band serves the additional purpose of retaining said deflector S in position.

The portion of the said deflector above the water-tank R is perforated, to admit of the entrance of air within the deilector. I have shown above said deliector S an expanded combustion-chamber, S', contracted at the upper portion to direct the products of combustion to a kettle or other utensil supported upon the frame T, with which I have provided my stove or lamp. If desirable, a watertank, U, above the lower portion of the cap-piece D, may be employed, so as to the more perfectly preclude the heating of the con; tents of the reservoir A.

It is obvious that by my invention I pro vide a stove or lamp wherein the wick may conveniently be adjusted and replaced, and wherein a very effective combustion may be had, owing to the provision for generating steam and directing it to the point of cornbustion, so that it may increase the draft thereto.

It is obvious that instead of making the jaws of elastic material throughout their extent, they may be made with good results elastic only in proximity to the stock-piece from which they extend.

I am aware that a wick-adjuster composed of a sheet-metal elastic clamp formed in the same piece with a shank is old. Hence I do not claim such a wick-adjuster as my invention.

What I claim as my invention,` and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

' 1. The combination, in a lamp or stove, of jaws made of or comprising elastic material, a stock-piece supporting said jaws, a rack mounted on such stock-piece, and apinion engaging with said rack, and carried by a shaft extending outside the lamp or stove, where it may be conveniently operated, substantially as andfor the purpose specied.

2. 'Ihe combination, with wick -adjusting mechanism comprising jaws capable of being j spread apart to disengage them from a wick, of a spreader, by which said jaws are automatically spread apart upon being raised to the proper position therefor, substantially as specified. l

3. The combination, with spring-jaws adapt ed to embrace and engage with a wick, or be spread apart and disengaged therefrom, and means for elevating said jaws, of a rod pro` vided in a suitable portion with diverging in` clines, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. The combination, with an annular wicktube in a stove or lamp, of a water-tank arranged on the inner side of the same, and a funnel for introducing water thereto, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination, with an annular wicktube in a stove or lamp, and a water-tank arranged upon the inner side thereof, of an inverted conoidal deflector, communicating with said water-tank and serving as a funnel for lling the same, substantially as specified.

6. The combination, in a stove or lamp, of an annular wick-tube, water-tanks arranged, respectively, inside and outside thereof, and defiectors extending over saidwater-tanks, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

EBENEZER BLACKMAN.

Witnesses EDWIN H. BROWN, OWEN PRENTIss. 

